by David Ruppert
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Suggested foundations for volatility models and surfaces and probability and statistical reasoning. Specialist prerequisites vary by resource.
Follow diffusion-based models and their assumptions.
Separate conditional volatility from observed returns.
Read the distributions and expectations used in probabilistic arguments.
Interpret expectations after information is observed.
Study a correlated stochastic-variance model.
Interpret prices across strikes and expiries.
Assess uncertainty rather than treating an estimate as a fact.
Start in discrete time, move to Brownian motion, then read the original pricing argument and simulate it.
Move from conditioning and expected values to timed problems with a defensible solution.